HTML - stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is the standard markup language used on the web - understanding of HTML is vital for all web developers/designers.

The first specification for HTML was version 2.0 in 1995 but was largely unstandardised till version 4.0 (XHTML versions after were largely ignored given backwards compatiblity issues).

The current standard is HTML 5 which includes new structural tags, support for Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), enable elements to be edited, dragged & dropped and enable communication from within the HTML document without outside scripting.